Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits. In addition to gastrointestinal symptoms, about 40% of patients with IBS also show a variety of extraintestinal symptoms, especially sleep disorders, anxiety and depression, which further...

The crucial role of gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis (UC) makes microbial manipulation an attractive treatment for UC. Increasing evidence from randomized controlled trials has suggested that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective and safe treatment for active UC. However, the underlying mechanisms and...